who's who by the numbers rumbers meet the ophthalmologist more than these highly skilled medical professionals specialize in eye health by jodi helmer percentage of americans who wear glasses or contact lenses to correct their vision the next time you're squinting to read ophthalmologist does so much more than check your vision and write prescriptions for glasses and contact lenses ophthalmologists check your vision medical doctors are trained to do so much and treat eye diseases and perform surgeries their specialized knowledge makes them especially important for people who have diabetes seeing patients with unique needs although all ophthalmologists specialize focus to specific diseases such as glaucoma diabetic retinopathy; others focus on certain procedures such as oculo-plastic surgery each of these subspecialties requires up years of postgraduate residency training million number of americans with diabetic retinopathy expected to increase to number of adults who know someone who has either lost sight or is currently losing eyesight because of diabetes keeping an eye on your health if you have symptoms such as decreased ophthalmologist will conduct a thorough exam to look for injuries or signs of eye diseases ophthalmologists are also on the front lines of caring for those living with diseases such preserve your eyesight to improve how eye diseases are diagnosed microsurgery of the retina allows for greater had fewer hemorrhages and less damage retinal photos to predict risk factors for diabetes; it could also detect the severity of which is common in those with diabetes percentage of ophthalmology residents who are women getty images > search for the slideshow diabetes eye problems and blindness at webmd.com winter 2019 health information from webmd